Bird Flu and the Possible Spark of a New Human Pandemic

The highly pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus, provided by AVMA (American Veterinary Medical Association) in December 2024

A new variant of the H5N1 virus, the clade 2.3.4.4b virus, has been reported to transfer from its original host, the domestic waterfowl, to cows and humans. At least 68 people in North America have already been infected by this pathogen, with one person deceased. 

Although most of the infections have been reported to be benign, new research indicates that variants of H5N1 that are spreading to North America could lead to dangerous diseases and even death.

In case the disease continues to ramp up in the near future, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) claims their approach to relief is one of “calm urgency” – “like putting our shoes on in case we need to start running,” says Niocole Lurie, the head of preparedness and response at CEPI. 

“The longer the virus circulates unchecked, the higher the likelihood it will acquire the mutations needed to cause a pandemic” warned Dr. Les Sims, who has worked in the prevention and control of major infectious diseases and animals responsible for food production for over 30 years.

Research into a possible pandemic caused by the H5N1 Virus is still limited, and infected numbers are too small for researchers to determine whether infections are more serious when contracted by birds or other mammals.